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Six Documentary Storytelling Styles

Since I just did my first documentary, I learned the 6 documentary storytelling styles:

  1. Expository - This is the classic documentary style. Biographical, historical and
    wildlife documentaries often fit into this category.
  2. Cinema Verite/Observational - One of the earliest forms of documentary
    filmmaking, this style involves observing "real life" with as little intervention as
    possible. The filmmaker's camera is a "fly on the wall" and the subjects are
    seemingly unaware of the camera.
  3. Participatory - The filmmaker clearly involves themselves with the subject of
    the film. Popular examples of filmmakers using this style include Michael Moore
    (FAHRENHEIT 9/11) and Morgan Spurlock (SUPERSIZE ME). The filmmaker
    becomes part of the story and often a main character in their own movie.
  4. Reflexive - This style involves the filmmaking process as part of the storytelling.
    For example, the crew could be filmed by a second crew showing complete
    transparency of how the film was made - essentially making the viewer feel as if
    they were part of making the documentary, to see "behind the scenes."
  5. Performance - This style is similar to Participatory where the filmmaker is part
    of the story. But instead of the film being a "process of discovery" and reflecting on
    the lessons learned, the filmmaker here is expressing a point of view or personal
    experience - often in a poetic, experimental or rhetorical way.
  6. Poetic - The primary aim of a poetic style documentary is to convey a specific
    mood and tone rather than relay information. The focus is on visual, tonal and
    rhythmic qualities, rather tha