Six Documentary Storytelling Styles
Since I just did my first documentary, I learned the 6 documentary storytelling styles:
- Expository - This is the classic documentary style. Biographical, historical and
wildlife documentaries often fit into this category. - Cinema Verite/Observational - One of the earliest forms of documentary
filmmaking, this style involves observing "real life" with as little intervention as
possible. The filmmaker's camera is a "fly on the wall" and the subjects are
seemingly unaware of the camera. - Participatory - The filmmaker clearly involves themselves with the subject of
the film. Popular examples of filmmakers using this style include Michael Moore
(FAHRENHEIT 9/11) and Morgan Spurlock (SUPERSIZE ME). The filmmaker
becomes part of the story and often a main character in their own movie. - Reflexive - This style involves the filmmaking process as part of the storytelling.
For example, the crew could be filmed by a second crew showing complete
transparency of how the film was made - essentially making the viewer feel as if
they were part of making the documentary, to see "behind the scenes." - Performance - This style is similar to Participatory where the filmmaker is part
of the story. But instead of the film being a "process of discovery" and reflecting on
the lessons learned, the filmmaker here is expressing a point of view or personal
experience - often in a poetic, experimental or rhetorical way. - Poetic - The primary aim of a poetic style documentary is to convey a specific
mood and tone rather than relay information. The focus is on visual, tonal and
rhythmic qualities, rather tha